why due diligence is done

businessman sitting in office and reading documentsand the five steps you can’t skip.

by r. peter fontaine
newgate law

few cpas enjoy the due diligence part of a merger. it’s like proofreading legal agreements or checking the answers to a test before handing it into the teacher. it’s not very exciting.

more on mergers: how to merge sole practitioners | 13 questions between merger equals | 18 concerns about merging in smaller firms | what to expect when merging up | 16 reasons merging up causes anxiety | 14 provisions to include in a letter of intent | want to merge? ask for data | the merger process in 21 steps | 13 ways to screw up a merger | 13 reasons accounting firms merge

by the time due diligence begins, the parties have usually decided they want to come together and due diligence is viewed as a process to confirm a decision which, for the most part, has already been made.
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partner pay: open vs. closed compensation systems

businessman ogling money over another's shoulderboth have advantages.

by marc rosenberg
partner comp: art & science

“if people are concerned about their absolute level of compensation, then they can be satisfied. however, if their focus is on relative standing, then they can never be satisfied.”

andrew grove, former chairman, intel

an open compensation system is one in which all partners know the earnings of all partners.

more on partner compensation: 5 other systems for paying partners | 3 non-performance-based comp systems | 3 subjective compensation systems | partner compensation 101 | how partners view compensation: it’s not all about the money | why most partner comp systems are performance-based

a closed system is one in which a limited number of partners are privy to this information. in closed systems, the only partners with access to all partners’ income are usually the managing partner, the compensation committee and/or the executive committee.
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what makes a successful strategic plan?

cute furry monsterfacing the monster issues.

by august aquila
creating the effective partnership

during the next several months, firms will be meeting to develop a strategic plan for the coming year or two. it’s a summer ritual for many firms.

more for pro members24 points for after the deal is done | innovate or die | 3 ways to halt a poor leader | partners love, hate leadership | 8 questions that staff ask in a merger | the 4 best ways to use your senior partners | 11 steps to building a better partnership team

however, the plans that are usually developed don’t address the real issues that firms are facing.

a client recently asked me, “what can we do to develop an effective strategic plan?” i’m not sure if he liked the answer or not. i am still waiting to hear if my proposal was accepted. let me share with you what i said to him.

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how to merge sole practitioners

two businessmen shaking hands21 issues to consider.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm mergers: your complete guide

when considering a merger of sole practitioners, there are numerous critical issues to negotiate. twenty-one, in fact.

more on mergers: merging in smaller: what to ask | 12 reasons to merge in a smaller firm | 3 factors that always affect negotiations | mergers: assessing compatibility | case studies reveal potential loi issues | merger prep: getting to know you | plant seeds to turn up merger candidates | 15 can’t-skip merger terms to decide | mergers 101: when negotiations aren’t really negotiations

1. method/system for splitting the profits. keep in mind that if you devise a system that essentially revolves around making each solo a profit center, as if they still had their own firms, it will tend to discourage the two of you working together as one firm.
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3 non-performance-based comp systems

businessman sitting on scales with stack of coins in other trayhint: they don’t eliminate arguments.

by marc rosenberg
partner comp: art & science

the common thread to non-performance-based systems is that partners’ compensation is not based on their performance, but on other factors that have nothing to do with performance. there are three main systems of this type:

more on partner compensation: the 3 best partner compensation formulas | why firms use partner comp formulas | 3 tiers of compensation | partner compensation 101| what partners earn and how they earn it | partner compensation: an art, not a science | how partners view compensation: it’s not all about the money | why most partner comp systems are performance-based

  • ownership percentage
  • pay all partners equally, or nearly so
  • seniority

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13 questions between merger equals

overhead view of 4 hands putting together 4 puzzle piecesnegotiations often are more difficult.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm mergers: your complete guide 

mergers of equals or firms close to equal (some call these sideways mergers) are much less common than mergers in which there is a clear survivor. but they do occur.

more on mergers: merging in smaller: what to ask | thinking ‘downstream’ merger? check these 25 potential problems first | 20 terms to settle when merging up | 13 questions to assess an upward merger | what to discuss at the first merger negotiation meeting | what to ponder before issuing a letter of intent

quite simply, there are two reasons mergers of equals are uncommon:
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merging in smaller: what to ask

businesswoman talking on phone33 questions the larger firm should ask smaller firm partners, plus a telephone screening form.

by marc rosenberg
cpa firm mergers: your complete guide

even though these questions are primarily intended for larger firms to ask smaller firms, some of the questions may be appropriate for the smaller firm to ask larger firms. these are general questions; based on your review of the other firm’s data, you will certainly have specific questions to ask in addition to those below.

more on mergers: thinking ‘downsteam’ merger? check these 25 potential problems first | 18 concerns about merging in smaller firms | what to expect when merging up | 16 reasons merging up causes anxiety | 14 provisions to include in a letter of intent | want to merge? ask for data | the merger process in 21 steps | 13 ways to screw up a merger

an important goal of these interviews is to get open, honest and brutally candid responses. at most firms, this is virtually impossible if you interview two or more partners together. only rarely, where two or three partners appear to be “joined at the hip,” is it acceptable to do group interviews.

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the 3 best partner compensation formulas

two hands honing a large knife4 common carve-outs, 9 challenges and 10 complications of all compensation systems.

by marc rosenberg
partner comp: art & science

compensation formulas are the most common system for allocating partner income.

more partner compensation for pro members (go pro here): why firms use partner comp formulas|3 subjective compensation systems | 11 points in designing a partner comp system | 3 tiers of compensation | partner compensation 101|what partners earn and how they earn it | partner compensation: an art, not a science | how partners view compensation: it’s not all about the money | why most partner comp systems are performance-based

now let’s look at some of the better formula systems we’ve seen:

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